By Shamsuddeen Idriss Yaqub Shereeff
We believe that the proclamation mentioned by the Qur’anic verse was fulfilled by the Prophet (S), when he appointed Imam Ali (As) as his successor on the day of Ghadeer Khum.
What happened on the day of Ghadeer Khum? Ghadeer Khum is a location some mile from Makka on the road to Madina.
When the Prophet (S) was passing by this place on 18 Dhul Hijja (10 March 632) on his return from the farewell pilgrimage, the "O messenger proclaim what has been sent down" was revealed. He therefore stopped to make an announcement to the pilgrims who accompanied him from Makka and who were to disperse from that junction to their respective destinations.
By the orders of the prophet (S), a special pulpit made of branches of trees was erected for him.
After the noon prayer the Prophet (S) sat on the pulpit and made his last public address to the largest gathering before his death three months letter.
The highlight of his sermon when, taking Imam Ali (As) by the hand, the Prophet (S) asked his followers whether he was superior in authority (Awla) to the believers themselves.
The crowd cried out in one voice: he of whom I am the Master (Mawla) of his Imam Ali is also the master (Mawla).
"O God, be the friend of him who is his friend, and be the enemy of him who is his enemy".
Immediately after the Prophet (S), finished his speech, the following verse of the Qur’an was revealed: today I have perfected your and completed my favor upon you, and I was satisfied that Islam be your religion (Qur’an 5:3) after his speech, the Prophet (S) asked every body to give the oath of allegiance to Ali Ibn Abu Talib and congratulate him.
Among those who did so was Umar bin Al-khatb, who said " well done Ali! today you became the master of all behaving men and women".
An Arab having heard of the event of Ghadeer Khum, came up to the
Prophet (S) and said: "you commanded us to testify that there is no
daily but Allah and that you are the messenger of Allah. We obeyed
you, you ordered us to perform the prayes five times a day and we
obeyed.
You ordered us to observe fasts during the month of Ramadan and we
obeyed. Then you commanded us to offer pilgrimage to Makka and we
obeyed.
But you are not satisfied with all this and you raised your cousin by your hand and impose him upon us as our master by saying Imam Ali (As), is the Mawla of whom I Mawla.
Is this imposition from Allah or from you? the Prophet (S) said: " by Allah who is the only deity! This is from Allah, the mighty and the glorious".
On hearing this reply the man turned back and proceeded to wards his she-camel saying "0 Allah if what Muhammad said is correct then fling on us a stone from the sky and subject us to severe pain and torture."
He had not reached his she-camel when Allah flung at him a stone which struck him on his head, penetrated his boby and left him dead.
It was on this occasion that Allah the exalted, caused to descend the following verses: A questioner question about the punishment to fall. For the disbelievers there is nothing to avert it, from Allah the lord of the ascent. (Qur’an 70:1-3).
Source is given below
Al Buhari and Muslim; AlDhabin* has judgment. *Al-Tirmidhi*, Sunna
(Cairo), vol.5, P.633.
*Ibn Majah*, Sunna (Cairo1952), vol.1, P.45.
*Al-Bukhari* (Beirut 1988), vol.7, P.61.
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Shamsuddeen Idriss Yaqub Shereeff
ShamsuddeenIdriss@gmail.com